👨‍💻

I was looking back at Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach  by Kurose and Ross, a textbook I used for CS145 , (shoutout to Professor Yu who is a really excellent professor) and I noticed this excerpt from the chapter called "Networks Under Attack": Most Internet DoS attacks fall into one of three categories: Vulnerability attack. This involves sending a few well-crafted messages to a vulnerable application or operating system running on a targeted host. If the right sequence of packets is sent to a vulnerable application or operating system, the service can stop or, worse, the host can crash. Bandwidth flooding. The attacker sends a deluge of packets to the targeted host―so many packets that the target's access link becomes clogged, preventing legitimate packets from reaching the server. Connection flooding. The attacker establishes a large number of half-open or fully open TCP connections at the target host. The host can become so bogged down w...